上半年電動汽車充電量增54.6% 超充等多種技術被看好

2024-07-22 09:42

截至2024年(nian)(nian)6月底，中(zhong)國(guo)已(yi)建成充(chong)(chong)電樁約(yue)1024.3萬臺，其(qi)中(zhong)，公共樁312.2萬臺，私人裝712.2萬臺，已(yi)建成換電站3772座。今年(nian)(nian)上半年(nian)(nian)全國(guo)電動汽(qi)車總充(chong)(chong)電量約(yue)為242.9億千瓦時，同比增長 54.6%，這一(yi)指標已(yi)連續三年(nian)(nian)同比增速(su)超過50%。

“隨(sui)著產業的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，我國充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技(ji)術水平(ping)迅(xun)速提高(gao)，已經形成了超(chao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池更(geng)換、無線(xian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)多(duo)技(ji)術并行發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)技(ji)術路線(xian)。”中(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力企業聯合會電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)交通與儲能(neng)分會副秘(mi)書長周麗(li)波表示，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設施(shi)(shi)未(wei)來發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)將適應充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)景高(gao)效(xiao)服務應用(yong)需求，呈(cheng)現綜合、立(li)體(ti)、多(duo)元化的(de)總體(ti)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨(qu)勢(shi)。隨(sui)著超(chao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)設備的(de)規模化建(jian)設，安(an)全是行業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)底線(xian)，行業準入門檻一定是提升的(de)狀態。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設施(shi)(shi)將提高(gao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率，實現自(zi)動(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體(ti)驗，智能(neng)運維技(ji)術和(he)人工智能(neng)將廣泛應用(yong)于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設施(shi)(shi)網絡。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基礎設施(shi)(shi)將和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)特別是可再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)效(xiao)互動(dong)，呈(cheng)現深度融(rong)合的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)。

據(ju)介紹(shao)，未(wei)來兆瓦(wa)(wa)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)超大(da)(da)電流(liu)充電將推進(jin)交通領域從“電替汽油(you)”邁向“電替柴油(you)/燃料(liao)油(you)/航空(kong)煤油(you)”，推動單個充電接口由百(bai)千瓦(wa)(wa)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)/百(bai)安(an)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)實(shi)現向兆瓦(wa)(wa)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)/千安(an)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的重(zhong)大(da)(da)跨越，是全球交通和能源(yuan)低碳轉型的重(zhong)大(da)(da)關鍵前沿技術。

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據介紹，以CharIN為代表，歐美(mei)正在積極推進兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)級快充接(jie)口(kou)的(de)國際(ji)標(biao)準布(bu)局(ju)，國網(wang)公司主導的(de)ChaoJi接(jie)口(kou)電流(liu)端(duan)子可疊加(jia)擴展的(de)優(you)勢，提出兆(zhao)(zhao)瓦(wa)級超大(da)電流(liu)接(jie)口(kou)的(de)“中國方案”，對于我國在這一前沿領域與國際(ji)實(shi)現“并跑”甚至“領跑”，支(zhi)撐“雙碳”目標(biao)都具有重(zhong)大(da)意義。

“大(da)功率充(chong)電(dian)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是一項(xiang)系(xi)統工程，包(bao)含車輛(liang)及電(dian)池、接口組件、充(chong)電(dian)系(xi)統及通信協(xie)議、檢測技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的整體解(jie)決方(fang)案。目前(qian)國內外(wai)主(zhu)流車企均制(zhi)定(ding)800V高壓平臺提升技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線，而且量產車型也在不斷涌入市場，受到(dao)了新能源車主(zhu)的認可。”周麗(li)波稱(cheng)，充(chong)電(dian)設備的技術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線目前(qian)主(zhu)要是全(quan)液冷和隔離風冷的方(fang)式。

大(da)功(gong)率充(chong)(chong)電(dian)加快推進的(de)(de)同時，我國(guo)在(zai)無線充(chong)(chong)電(dian)領域也走在(zai)世界前列，目前不同功(gong)率等級的(de)(de)多款無線充(chong)(chong)電(dian)車型正在(zai)開發(fa)。周麗(li)波表示，無線充(chong)(chong)電(dian)上下(xia)游(you)產業鏈初(chu)步形成(cheng)(cheng)，成(cheng)(cheng)本較高是(shi)制約產業發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)主要因素這一(yi)，但降(jiang)本路徑(jing)明晰(xi)，最(zui)終性價比可形成(cheng)(cheng)競(jing)爭力。

此外，在自動充電領(ling)域，涵蓋(gai)著像(xiang)充電弓(gong)、機械臂充電、移動充電、移動充儲一體化設備等一系列在產業實踐中都有應用(yong)場(chang)景的不同(tong)技(ji)術路線。（經(jing)濟參考報）