上海市發改委等10部門9月29日發布《上海市鼓勵電動汽車充換電設施發展扶持辦法》，其中提到，支持出租車充電示范站建設。

2022年(nian)建成并經認定的(de)示范站，給予充電設備金(jin)額(e)30%的(de)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)補貼。支持共享充電示范小(xiao)區建設。2022年(nian)及之后建成經認定的(de)A類示范小(xiao)區，給予充電設備金(jin)額(e)50%的(de)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)補貼。

支持智能(neng)(neng)充電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加快推(tui)廣應用。鼓(gu)勵小(xiao)區已(yi)有充電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)通過加裝能(neng)(neng)源路(lu)由器、更(geng)換設施等方式進行(xing)智能(neng)(neng)化改造(zao)，給予充電設備(bei)300元/樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)財政資金補(bu)貼(tie)。對(dui)支持小(xiao)區自（專(zhuan)）用智能(neng)(neng)充電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)共享(xiang)改造(zao)和(he)利用的(de)物業(ye)服務企業(ye)給予一次性(xing)補(bu)貼(tie)，補(bu)貼(tie)標(biao)準按500元/樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)執(zhi)行(xing)。

支持高水平換電站(zhan)示范建(jian)設。對港口、物(wu)流、環衛、出租車等特定(ding)公共服務領域的換電站(zhan)給予(yu)設備補貼支持。

據悉，上海已累計推廣(guang)新能源汽車82萬(wan)輛，建成各類充電樁58.8萬(wan)根。

為進一步推動我市(shi)充(chong)換(huan)電(dian)基礎設施建設，滿足(zu)市(shi)民充(chong)電(dian)需求，支持新能源(yuan)汽車(che)產業發展，助力“雙碳”目(mu)標實現，市(shi)發展改革委(wei)會同市(shi)交(jiao)通委(wei)、市(shi)住房城鄉建設管理(li)委(wei)、市(shi)經濟信息化委(wei)、市(shi)科委(wei)、市(shi)財政局、市(shi)規劃資(zi)源(yuan)局、市(shi)公安局、市(shi)房屋管理(li)局、市(shi)電(dian)力公司、上海(hai)電(dian)器(qi)科學研(yan)究所、上海(hai)投(tou)資(zi)咨詢公司等單位(wei)，研(yan)究制(zhi)定了《上海(hai)市(shi)鼓勵電(dian)動汽車(che)充(chong)換(huan)電(dian)設施發展扶持辦法(fa)》（以下(xia)簡(jian)稱《辦法(fa)》）。現將相關問題做政策解(jie)讀：

??1、《辦(ban)法(fa)》出臺的背景是什么？

??一(yi)(yi)是國家(jia)提(ti)(ti)(ti)出了(le)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體系(xi)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)目(mu)標。國家(jia)發展(zhan)改革委等10部委2022年初印發了(le)《關于進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服務保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)能(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)意(yi)見(jian)》，提(ti)(ti)(ti)出要進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)我國電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)能(neng)力，到(dao)“十四五”末形成適度(du)超(chao)(chao)前、布(bu)局均衡、智(zhi)能(neng)高(gao)(gao)效的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)體系(xi)，能(neng)夠(gou)滿(man)足超(chao)(chao)過2000萬(wan)輛電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)需求。二是本(ben)市高(gao)(gao)度(du)重視充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)換(huan)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)。2013年以來(lai)，本(ben)市已先后(hou)出臺了(le)3輪扶持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)下，2021年底全市充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)已達50.7萬(wan)個，車(che)樁比(bi)1.3:1，在(zai)全國居領先水平。建成30個示(shi)范站、29個示(shi)范小區(qu)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)能(neng)力較(jiao)(jiao)快提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)。三是充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)換(huan)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)管理水平有(you)待進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)。通(tong)過多輪政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)的(de)(de)(de)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，我市充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)換(huan)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發展(zhan)已有(you)了(le)較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎，但在(zai)新售電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)配套、設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)快慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)比(bi)例(li)、老小區(qu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)等方面，仍有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)空間。2022年初我市出臺了(le)《關于本(ben)市進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)換(huan)電(dian)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)意(yi)見(jian)》（簡(jian)稱《意(yi)見(jian)》），對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)換(huan)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)(gao)質量發展(zhan)做了(le)制度(du)安(an)排。《意(yi)見(jian)》提(ti)(ti)(ti)出要做好(hao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)換(huan)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)支撐，加強財政(zheng)(zheng)支持(chi)，持(chi)續推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)這項(xiang)工(gong)作。

??2、《辦法(fa)》制定(ding)遵循的主要原則是(shi)什么？

??《辦法》遵(zun)循問(wen)題導(dao)向(xiang)、效果導(dao)向(xiang)，圍繞《意見(jian)》來設(she)(she)計(ji)政(zheng)策(ce)體系，遵(zun)循5方面原則。一是(shi)(shi)從(cong)均衡發展轉向(xiang)聚焦重(zhong)(zhong)點，重(zhong)(zhong)點聚焦小(xiao)區和出租車充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)難問(wen)題。二(er)是(shi)(shi)從(cong)建設(she)(she)為主轉向(xiang)建管并重(zhong)(zhong)，延續度電(dian)補貼和評級政(zheng)策(ce)。三是(shi)(shi)從(cong)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)為主轉向(xiang)快慢并重(zhong)(zhong)，支持(chi)“慢改快”、高水平換電(dian)。四是(shi)(shi)從(cong)無序(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)轉向(xiang)有序(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)，支持(chi)智能樁、智能車網互動發展和平臺互聯互通。五是(shi)(shi)從(cong)企業(ye)為主轉向(xiang)全社會多方參與，明(ming)確充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)設(she)(she)施配建責任落實、小(xiao)區充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)設(she)(she)施建設(she)(she)等工作要求(qiu)。

??3、《辦法》新增了哪些重點支持(chi)領域(yu)？

??目的地充(chong)(chong)電(dian)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)、公(gong)共領(ling)域(yu)快充(chong)(chong)化(hua)是今后的主(zhu)要方向，出租(zu)車等專用領(ling)域(yu)有階段(duan)性換電(dian)需求(qiu)，《辦法》對(dui)這些領(ling)域(yu)給(gei)(gei)予(yu)重點(dian)支持。與上一(yi)(yi)輪政策相比(bi)，新增3項設(she)備(bei)(bei)補(bu)(bu)貼：一(yi)(yi)是“慢(man)改(gai)快”示范(fan)(fan)改(gai)造。給(gei)(gei)予(yu)30%設(she)備(bei)(bei)補(bu)(bu)貼。二是高水平換電(dian)站(zhan)示范(fan)(fan)。對(dui)出租(zu)車等特(te)定公(gong)共服務領(ling)域(yu)，通(tong)用型(xing)（即可(ke)實現跨車型(xing)或跨品牌服務）、非通(tong)用型(xing)換電(dian)站(zhan)分別給(gei)(gei)予(yu)30%、15%設(she)備(bei)(bei)補(bu)(bu)貼。三是智(zhi)能(neng)車網互動(dong)示范(fan)(fan)。給(gei)(gei)予(yu)30%設(she)備(bei)(bei)補(bu)(bu)貼。同時(shi)，《辦法》對(dui)智(zhi)能(neng)樁(zhuang)改(gai)造進一(yi)(yi)步加大(da)補(bu)(bu)貼力度(du)，單(dan)樁(zhuang)補(bu)(bu)貼標準(zhun)由200元(yuan)提升至300元(yuan)。

??4、《辦法》如何(he)支持小區充(chong)電設施(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)？

??在繼續推(tui)動(dong)共享(xiang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)示(shi)范(fan)小(xiao)區建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的基礎上，《辦(ban)法》新增了3方面支(zhi)持(chi)措施(shi)。一是強化推(tui)進(jin)機(ji)制。將共享(xiang)樁建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)納入小(xiao)區綜改工作(zuo)范(fan)圍。二(er)是擴大示(shi)范(fan)試點(dian)。保留示(shi)范(fan)小(xiao)區4方面補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)政策（設(she)(she)備、業(ye)委會、專用(yong)樁度電(dian)(dian)(dian)補(bu)貼(tie)(tie)和居民電(dian)(dian)(dian)價），扶持(chi)范(fan)圍從小(xiao)區內共享(xiang)設(she)(she)施(shi)拓展到統建(jian)(jian)統營設(she)(she)施(shi)。三是支(zhi)持(chi)小(xiao)區外道(dao)路停(ting)車場、錯(cuo)峰共享(xiang)停(ting)車場充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，緩解小(xiao)區充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)難。

??5、《辦(ban)法》如何支持(chi)出租(zu)車(che)充換電？

??《辦法(fa)》在保留(liu)出(chu)租車駕(jia)駛員專享(xiang)度(du)電(dian)補(bu)貼(tie)0.4元(yuan)的(de)基礎上(shang)(shang)，將出(chu)租車換電(dian)納入支持(chi)范(fan)圍，新增換電(dian)包(bao)月(yue)專享(xiang)一次性補(bu)貼(tie)，標準為包(bao)月(yue)費(fei)用(yong)的(de)10%，上(shang)(shang)限200元(yuan)/月(yue)，以鼓勵出(chu)租車駕(jia)駛員使(shi)用(yong)換電(dian)。

來源：上海發改委